This
Week in History is a collection designed to help us
appreciate the fact that we are part of a rich history
advocating peace and social justice. While the entries
often focus on large and dramatic events there are
so many smaller things done everyday to promote peace
and justice.
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All Jews over the age of six in German-occupied territories were ordered by the Nazi regime to wear a yellow Star of David on their clothing.
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September
6, 1963
Anti-nuclear marchers who began in Glasgow, Scotland, arrived in London and attempted to present a dummy missile to the British Imperial War Museum.
September
7, 1957
Barbara
Gittings organized the first New York meeting held
for the Daughters of Bilitis, a pioneer lesbian organization.
The group was founded two years earlier in San Francisco.
read
more
cover
from their magazine "The Ladder", October ,1968
Barabara Gittings leading a picket in the '60s
September
7, 1990
Two British peace
activists, Stephen Hancock and Mike Hutchinson known as the Upper Heyford Plowshares were sentenced to
15 months in prison for disabling an F-111 bomber in Oxford,
England.
a
chronology of Plowshares actions
A brief History of Direct Disarmament Actions
September
7, 1992
South
African troops killed at least 24 people and injured 150
more at an African National
Congress (ANC) rally on the border of Ciskei, in South Africa.
50,000 ANC supporters had turned out to demand Ciskei’s
re-absorption into South Africa. Ciskei was one of ten black “homelands,” so
designated to keep blacks from claiming citizenship in South
Africa itself. They were a legal fiction, not recognized
by any other country, that was part of the racially separatist
apartheid regime.
read
more
September
8, 1941
In
Norway, 2000 workers in the shipyards went on strike
against diversion
of milk, "depriving mothers and babies," to military
use by the German soldiers in Finland. In retaliation,
Oslo was placed under a 7 o'clock nightly curfew, after
which transportation was stopped, public meetings prohibited,
radios seized, dancing forbidden. Boy Scouts, Girl Guides
and Salvation Army organizations were all dissolved.
Contemporary
report of the resistance: “Norway Starts Something”
Peace quote . . .
“In time of war, the loudest patriots are the greatest profiteers.” - August Bebel, 1870 see more quotes
September
8, 1965
Table
grape pickers, the mostly Filipino members of the Agricultural
Workers Organizing Committee (AWOC), led by Larry Itliong,
went on strike for higher wages in Delano, California.
Religious conscientious objector
Corbett Bishop was arrested after walking out of a Civilian
Public Service Camp. During subsequent trials and imprisonments,
he refused any type of cooperation with the government until
he was released 193 days later.
" I'm
not going to cooperate in any way, shape or form.
I was
carried in here.
If
you hold me, you'll have to carry me out.
War
is wrong. I don't want any part of it."
- Corbett Bishop, 1906-1961
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The Attica (New York) State Penitentiary revolt began.
The interracial revolt was led by blacks but featured cooperation
between prisoners of different racial and ethnic backgrounds.
It
was finally brutally suppressed by the state five days
later, upon orders from Gov. Nelson Rockefeller who refused
to become directly involved. 29 prisoners and 10 guards
were shot and killed by attacking state troopers in the
bloodiest prison confrontation in U.S. history. The prisoners
had been demanding improvements in their living and working
conditions at the increasingly overcrowded facility.
read
more
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September
9, 1980
Eight
activists from the Atlantic Life Community were arrested
after hammering the nose cones
of two missiles at the General Electric plant in King of
Prussia, Pennsylvania.
read
about Plowshares 8
The
Plowshares 8(in alphabetical order):
Daniel
Berrigan, Philip Berrigan, Dean Hammer, Carl Kabat, Elmer
Maas, Anne Montgomery, Molly Rush, and John Schuchardt
This
action would become the first of an international movement
of dozens of "Plowshares" anti-nuclear direct
actions.
a
chronology of Plowshares actions
There's more peace and justice history to see for this week For a more complete listing for this week or to visit another month Jan • Feb • March April • May • June July • Aug • Sept Oct • Nov • Dec
September
9, 1997
Sinn Fein
(pronounced shin fayn), the Irish Republican Army's allied
political party, formally renounced violence by accepting
the principles put forward by former U.S. Senator George
Mitchell (D-Maine) who was mediating the talks between the
Irish Republicans and the British Unionists on Northern Ireland's
future.
Sen George Mitchell
The
Mitchell Principles:
• To democratic and exclusively peaceful means of resolving political issues;
• To the total disarmament of all paramilitary organisations;
• To agree that such disarmament must be verifiable to the satisfaction
of an independent commission;
• To renounce for themselves, and to oppose any effort by others, to use
force, or threaten to use force, to influence the course or the outcome of all-party
negotiations;
• To agree to abide by the terms of any agreement reached in all-party
negotiations and to resort to democratic and exclusively peaceful methods in
trying to alter any aspect of that outcome with which they may disagree; and,
• To urge that "punishment" killings and beatings stop and to
take effective steps to prevent such actions.
Peace quote . . .
"The only thing that's been a worse flop than the organization of non-violence has been the organization of violence" - Joan Baez see more quotes
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September
10, 1897
Nineteen
unarmed striking coal miners were killed and 36 more
wounded in Lattimer (near Hazleton), Pennsylvania, for
refusing to disperse, by a posse organized by the Luzerne
County sheriff. The strikers, most of whom were shot
in the back, were originally brought in as strike-breakers,
but later created their own union.
The
background and details
September
10, 1963
Twenty
black students entered public schools in Birmingham,
Tuskegee and Mobile, Alabama. The Gov. George C. Wallace
had ordered Alabama state troopers to stop the federal
court-ordered integration of Alabama’s elementary
and high schools. Pres. John Kennedy responded by calling
out the Alabama National Guard to protect the students
and to see the order enforced.
Pres. Kennedy spoke that day at American University’s
commencement, saying, "Peace need not be
impractical, war not inevitable . . . There is not peace
in many of our
cities because there is not freedom."
September
10, 1996
Sheryl
Crow's second album was banned from Wal-Mart stores because
the song she co-wrote with Tad
Wadhams, "Love Is A Good Thing" opens with “Watch
out sister, watch out brother,
Watch our children while they kill each other
With a gun they bought at Wal-Mart discount stores....”
September
11, 1906
Mohandas Gandhi, a young Indian lawyer, began a nonviolent
resistance campaign in Johannesburg, South Africa, demanding
rights and respect for those of Asian descent. It was the
birth of his concept of political progress through nonviolent
resistance known as Satyagraha, or truth-force.
He led a meeting of 3000
of the town's Indians, protesting the Transvaal Asiatic
Law Amendment Ordinance. That law required all Asians to
obey three rules: those of eight years or older had to
carry passes for which they had to give their fingerprints;
they would be segregated as to where they could live and
work; new Asian immigration into the Transvaal would be
disallowed, even for those who had left the town when the
South African War broke out in 1899, and were returning.
The meeting produced the Fourth Resolution, in which all Indians
resolved to go to prison rather than submit to the ordinance.
Ghandi,
London, 1906
In Ghandi’s
own words:
Peace quote . . .
"I think war is based in greed and there are huge karmic retributions that will follow. I think war is never the answer to solving any problems. The best way to solve problems is to not have enemies."
Sheryl Crow see more quotes
Peace quote . . .
"You must be the change you wish to see in the world." - Gandhi see more quotes
September
11, 1973
Chile's armed forces staged a coup
d'etat against the government of President Salvador Allende,
the first democratically elected socialist head of state in
Latin America. Some three thousand were held in Santiago's
national stadium where guards singled out folksinger Victor
Jara as he continued to sing protest songs. Jara was viciously
beaten, and his mutilated body machine-gunned in front of the
other prisoners.
dissidents
held in the stadium
read
more on Victor Jara
Victor
Jara plays to young supporters
Victor
Jara
The U.S. government,
through the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), had worked
for three years to foment the coup against Allende. Striking
Chilean labor unions, instrumental in destabilizing the
Allende government, were secretly bankrolled by the CIA.
During the brutal and repressive 17-year rule of General
Augusto Pinochet that followed, more than 3,000 political
opponents were assassinated or "disappeared." The
U.S.-backed military dictatorship banned Jara's music,
image, name and, for a time, even outlawed the public performance
of the folk-guitar.
read
more
Peace quote . . .
" ...I have seen with my own eyes memorials to the Jews in Warsaw, the panic caused by the bomb, the disintegration that war causes to human beings and all that is born of them...But i have also seen what love can do, what strength of a person who is happy can achieve. Because of all this, and because above all I desire peace,..." Victor Jara see more quotes
September
11, 2001
Suicidal
Islamist terrorists, members of Al Qaeda and most of them
Saudis,
hijacked four commercial airliners in the eastern U.S., and
managed successfully to turn three of the jet-fuel-loaded
planes into missiles: two flew into New York City’s
World Trade Center towers, destroying them, and a third into
the west side of the Pentagon. On the fourth, passengers
heroically seized back control but crashed it into an empty
field in western Pennsylvania. The hijackers killed nearly
3000 that day: passengers and crew, workers in the twin towers
and the Pentagon.
Minute-by-minute account of what happened
and the official and military responses
Peace quote . . .
"There is no flag large enough to cover the shame of killing innocent people."
-Howard Zinn
1922-2010 see more quotes
September
11, 2002
Women In Black (WIB) Baltimore started
the first Peace Path as a response to 9/11 World Trade
Center attacks. The nonviolent action presented images
of peace rather than war and militarism as a response to
problems.
Now in its seventh year, the path will extend
for 12 miles through Baltimore. Others are beginning to
create 9/11 peace paths in their own communities.
Women
in Black along the peace path in Baltimore, 2007
Participants in WIB
vigils wear black as a sign of mourning for all that is
lost through war and violence. The group seeks to bring
together people of all races, faiths, nationalities, and
genders who support positions of nonviolence and who seek
peace through mutual understanding and constructive dialogue.
for
more information
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September
12, 1977
Steve
Biko, the leader of the black consciousness movement,
and probably the most influential young black leader
in in South Africa, died while being held by security
forces in Port Elizabeth; he was the forty-first person
to die while in police custody in South Africa.
read
more about Steven Biko
September
12, 1998
A
group later known as the Cuban Five was arrested after
infiltrating groups which had previously executed terrorist
attacks on Cuban soil.
They
were convicted of conspiracy to commit espionage against
the U.S. Their conviction
was overturned by a three-judge panel of the 11th Circuit Court,
then reinstated by the full court; an appeal to the Supreme
Court is planned.
The United Nations Commission on Arbitrary Detentions has characterized
their imprisonment as arbitrary detention.
free
the five
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Peace Dove
lapel pin
The dove from the '68 & '69 Vietnam Moratorium
September
12, 2002
President
George W. Bush told skeptical world leaders at the United
Nations to confront the ''grave and gathering danger''
of Saddam Hussein's Iraq, or to stand aside as the United
States acted.
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dissidents
held in the stadium
Victor
Jara plays to young supporters
